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Hot Hole-Deriven Water Splitting via LSPR Metal Nanostructures

The localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) in metal nanostructures is one of the most efficient materials for the futuristic energy, environmental science and industry. The new era is the ability to significantly drive and promote photocatalytic reactions and photodetection which acts as an interfacial energy transfer to adsorbate molecules and semiconductors. The combination of plasmonic noble metallic nanostructures with semiconductors for plasmon-enhanced visible light-driven water splitting (WS) has attracted considerable attention. WS is one of the most capable way to save solar energy into other useful energy applications. In WS, solar energy is converted to chemical energy mainly in the form of hydrogen and oxygen. Some of the review reports indicate that the highest reported quantum efficiency for overall WS achieved is 57% with NiO/NaTaO 3 :La photocatalyst under the excitation wavelength of 270 nm [1]. Its large scale commercial applications are still lacking due to

Efficient Electrochemical CO2 Reduction via Nickel−Nitrogen Sites Hollow Carbon Spheres

After 19 th century, carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and other green house gases has increased more amount of heat which have “trapped” in the earth's atmosphere and automatically global temperature rises. It causes significant climatic changes as well as the amount and frequency of precipitation. It can also increases in extreme weather conditions such as flooding, droughts, hurricanes, and wildfires. It also effects in ecosystem changes, rising sea levels, and food insecurity. Carbon dioxide can be emitted from energy process raw materials, run computers, that have been used at factories and other facilities to run machines, heat and cool buildings, which are connected to the internet, etc. CO 2 emissions can also be directly caused by leakage in the use of petroleum production, other industrial process and chemical reactions during the manufacturing process. Indirect emissions are observed from the energy production off-site, such as the emissions created by the power plants which faci

Bifunctional Water Splitting Catalysts: Large Current Density

Fuel cell technology is one of the most emerging fields with ecofriendly and everlasting energy source way of producing energy for the urgent requirements. Further it needs to be improved to make it cheap and more environmental friendly. Among all fuel cells, the hydrogen (H 2 ) and oxygen (O 2 ) fuel cell is the one with zero carbon emission, more ecofriendly, high potential and the byproduct is just only the water. However, supplying the fuels in the purest form (at least the H 2 ) is very essential to ensure higher life cycles and less decay in cell efficiency. Nowadays, commercially available large scale H 2 production is mainly dependent on steam reforming of fossil fuels which can also generates CO 2 along with H 2 and the source that is going to be depleted, and this byproduct is not environmental friendly. Therefore, an emerging alternate technology is needed; in this case the electrolysis of water has given a greater attention than the steam reforming. Recently many sc

Magnetic Separable Visible-Light Active Photocatalysts

During the recent years, water and air pollutions are mainly caused in the fields such as industry, urban effluents, and transportation in worldwide over major cities. Serious environmental pollution, and related issues and accelerated global warming can be attributed due to the rapid consumption of fossil fuels, the increasing population, and the rapid development of the economy. Thus, the development of innovative and renewable environmental remediation materials is becoming increasingly one. Recently, many researchers are focusing on “A noble metal/ MoS 2 nanocomposites (NCs)” which can induce local surface Plasmon resonance (LSPR) for activating the photoelectrocatalysis of hydrogen and enhancing the light emission or absorption of MoS 2 . Moreover, the LSPR can generate surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), which can be used in many applications, particularly it is used in chemical sensing and biological applications. Over the last two decades, magnetic materials have emerge

Micro-Alloying of ‘Stainless Mg’ via Ca: Exceptional Corrosion Resistance

German Scientists have established an alloy with ultra-high-purity of magnesium of exceptionally low corrosion rate– Stainless Magnesium approach, via alloying of pure magnesium (Mg) with a tiny amounts of calcium (Ca) has been reported in Materials Horizons on 24 th November 2020. Mg is found to be the lightest structural metal with various properties like high strength-to-weight ratio, excellent electrochemical characteristics, Young’s modulus similar to human bone with low cost. Mg is widely used in aerospace, electronic, automotive, biomedical and energy-storage applications owing to its high strength, low weight, and excellent electrochemical properties, due to its abundance in the earth’s crust. Particularly, Mg possess light weight than aluminium (Al) and makes attractive from a sustainable perspective. Therefore, replacing of Al with ‘ Stainless Mg ’ in flights and cars will reduce the fuel consumption with free of carbon dioxide emissions. However, its usage is limited and r

Giant Spontaneous Hall Effect Without a Magnet

Surprising phenomenon in the solid state physics was “ The Hall effect, which requires normally magnetic fields, can also be generated completely in a different way by without the magnet to give an extreme strength ” – Published by Sami Dzsabera et al., in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, on 19 th February 2021. Weyl–Kondo semimetal have been discovered recently, the three-dimensional (3D) Dirac cones that describes with massless relativistic quasiparticles, which was stabilized by breaking via either time-reversal symmetry (TRS) or inversion symmetry (IS). Sami Dzsabera et al., have reported the discovery of a giant spontaneous Hall effect in 3D materials, which have not only identifies an ideal technique. However, it will demonstrates a strong correlations that can drive extreme topological responses, which we can expect to trigger for future work. Further, they reported that the giant spontaneous Hall effect of semimetal seems to be the non-centrosymmetr

Plasmonic Gold Nanoparticles as Designing Caps

Plasmonic nanomaterials have attracted significant interest because of its wide variety of applications such as sensing, energy conversion, photothermal therapy etc. Among the various plasmonic inorganic metals (Ag, Cu, Al, and Au) Au shows the excellent biocompatibility, chemical stability, and rich surface functionality. It can be seen that some new approaches have include the construction of metal shells on dielectric nanoparticles, and the control of island growth on nanoparticles and nanorods over the design of narrow gaps via nanoplates or nanoshells. Also, the conventional modulation of plasmonics via the control of shape, size and the aspect ratio of nanomaterials. The structural control have also arises from the active surface growth. As a result, the dynamic competition between ligand absorption and metal deposition occurs [ 1 ]. The properties of plasmonic nanostructures are highly dependent on its surface morphology, however, there are a very few methods for appending

Global Issues at Indo-Tibetan Border and its Glacier Burst in Uttarakhand

Mountainous environments are interrelated with transforming rapidly as the global temperatures climb higher. Around the globe, mountain glaciers are retreating [1, 2] and impacting the concern in water supply (for up to 1.9 billion people) [3] . These dramatic environmental changes are predicted and expected to affect the mountain hazards, such as the flooding (frequency and magnitude) and landslide events [4] . The local ensured impacts well and highly uncertain scenario, because of the complex and critical interactions between the local weather, mountain cryosphere and topography [4] . The world’s glaciers are well shrinking, with knock-on good impacts for local communities. Therefore, we need a good grasp of the hazards on which they leave behind. High mountain hosts and their largest glacier concentration were present outside the polar locations/regions in Asia. These glaciers are vital contributors to streamflow process in one of the most populated areas of the world. The pre

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