Spintronics is one of the emerging fields for the next-generation nanoelectronic devices that are used to reduce their power consumption, and increase their memory and processing capabilities. Such devices used for the spin degree of freedom of electrons and/or holes, which can also interact with their orbital moments [ 1 ]. However, for spintronic devices to meet the ever-increasing demands of the industry, innovation in terms of materials, processes, and circuits are required. Figure 1. Schematic diagram for major methods to generate a spin-polarised current [ 2 ]. Spin-polarised electrons can be generated in non-magnetic (NM) materials using the following methods [ 2 ]: spin injection from a ferromagnetic (FM), a magnetic field, an electric field, an electromagnetic wave introduction, a thermal gradient, Zeeman splitting, spin motive force, and mechanical rotation (see Figure 1 ). One of the most common methods is spin injection from a FM material, e.g., conventional FM meta...
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