Skip to main content

Postdocs Crisis: The "Last Generation" of Scientists

Postdoctoral Researchers play a vital role in the research productivity of several countries and serving as leaders, mentors, guides, teachers, and scientists. These researchers have developed their own skills and preparing themself for their scientific research careers with various research groups worldwide. Even performing in a short term, they need to spend additional years in some special cases for succession in their research careers. Senior research investigators or leaders who have promised to their younger colleagues or students for a long term contract in the academics should find a new pathway to make it possible to stay and plan for their long-term career. Also, these investigators should be more flexible, patience, and supportive for everyone in their research groups. But the main key point which they should focus on that was the researchers who want to pursue fulfilling careers in science elsewhere need to be supported in all means, whatever matters, whoever may be, the talented people will always find a satisfying career in the field of science. The research funding is also, very less for many postdocs in some countries worldwide. We can see that several major funding organizations in the United States, United Kingdom, Europe, and Australia have inquired that, what they are really doing us to help to overcome this crisis. However, the funding organizations expressed that they are supporting the early-career postdoctoral researchers, by providing full-time financial support and extension of the projects for a certain period of time[1]. 

This year, the word ‘pandemic’ really worsened the globe particularly, for the scientific professionals, for example, postdoctoral researchers who reside abroad. Nature, the publishing group survey shows, ‘the pandemic is adding to postdocs’ and the results of new distress showed the current generation might be facing the most severe career break and health a crisis so far until for the past 10 months[1]. Besides, how the pandemic condition is really affecting the current and future career plans and their health? how they feel whether their research hosts are really supportive in this critical condition?

An Indian researcher recently pointed out that he is unable to take up the postdoctoral offer because of travel restrictions abroad which have implemented during the COVID-19 the pandemic period. Similarly, a physicist from Brazil feared about his government would reduce or stop his postdoctoral funding. In Nature’s self-selected survey, a biochemist in Brazil commented that “they live in a reality where Ph.Ds need to sell food on the street to support themselves financially, as most are unable to obtain scholarships or jobs [2]. Meanwhile, the researcher from Africa too faced similar issues related to his postdoctoral research funds. These individual stories in reports reflect that in fact the universities are under more financial pressure due to this pandemic and facing many problems, and are widely stop recruiting and cutting the postdoc positions to solve further issues which also led to a financial and economic crisis.

COVID-19 “definitely made an uncertain situation feel more uncertain,” says Danielle Fagnani, a second-year postdoc at the University of Michigan [2]. Even before the pandemic condition also, the postdoctoral researchers have faced many challenges with more pressure of continuous assessment with hard work, mental tortures, and highly competitive with the conditions of less secure working atmosphere. A crushing, urgent crisis for individuals now risks in becoming a financial crisis for the entire global system. The basic needs are that today’s postdocs are to become tomorrow’s research scientists in various academic, research institutions, industries, and government sectors. However, this pandemic situation really shattered the research careers of these smart young scientists who are likely to contribute to finding a solution to it. Such uncertainty is adding more strain to being as experienced postdocs too, who worry for the lab experiments and unfinished manuscripts will set back for the guarantee of the job. As can be seen that many postdocs are trying to leave their postdoctoral positions now, anticipating that situation would come too worse in the upcoming months. So, mainly global universities, research institutions, and international labs must think of initiating innovative ways to support these postdocs in all ways to solve this crisis for the next generation [1].

Figure 1. The current position of postdoctoral Researchers. Source:https://www.nationalpostdoc.org/page/POSTDOCket_1806

In the normal period, postdoctoral positions provided with at least some little job security, and most postdocs are employed every year of contracts with the existing research funds from their host universities and other funding agencies and they received little institutional support [2,3]. Before the COVID-19 pandemic starts, an ongoing nationwide discussion among various postdocs has taken place to address the benefits of collective bargaining and other aspects. As many postdocs felt that the working conditions and terms of employment are outright and non-existent. Many postdocs have to support their dependents along with their working role, living away from their native country. Hence the positions also, often do not provide any access to affordable health care, paid sick leave, or employee and student benefits such as alumni network membership or student union representations and to maintain family living status during the unexpected and sudden pandemic situations[4,5]. Here some exceptional institutions are there in few countries, providing a few of them as listed above. 

Figure 2. Current pathway of postdoctoral researchers. Source:https://www.academics.com/guide/how-to-find-a-postdoc-position-germany

The universities also, cannot be expected to bear these additional expenses, in some places where research is cross-subsidized from monthly income, postdocs are most vulnerable to lose their jobs which will affect the peoples, particularly from developing countries. Many postdocs tolerate and adjust these worst conditions in hopes of using their experience to propel them into permanent positions as faculties or researchers from outside academia to nearly about from 5 to 6 years after Ph.D. But the real situation is that even they sacrifice and tolerate these conditions, many of them are still struggling to hold a stable position elsewhere[5,6]. Sometimes, due to unemployment, postdocs are fed up and lose their confidence levels which leads to more mental pressure and struggling with an inferiority complex. Even nobody gives proper respect for a postdoctoral position and the researcher and treating them only as fresher or like master students, sometimes worse than that. No opportunities for young talented scientists, only the money and recommendations play a major role in India elsewhere, which is a bitter truth. The new economic crisis that arises due to COVID-19 results in stay-at-home with a growing list of universities to freeze hiring research professionals and halts new faculty hiring and lowers the chances for the postdocs to obtain for a full-time position. Meanwhile, the clarity about the prospect of extensions and continuous funding has become uncertain, that postdocs are conducting for their short term contracts.

Our SNB team recommend this research article to help the reader to know and realize about the postdocs crisis in this new pandemic condition, although many institutions have granted the pandemic relief to the academic community, postdocs have been still suffered and overlooked. These institutions should offer temporary assistance to help vulnerable postdocs with health support and other future challenges [7,8]. The top universities and other high-level research institutes must initiate some immediate action, to retain these postdocs, and not lose them for the next generation research scientists to protect the future and diversity of science and technology.

References

[1] Nature 585, 160 (2020), doi: 10.1038/d41586-020-02541-9.

[2] Nature 585, 309 (2020), doi: 10.1038/d41586-020-02548-2.

[3] S. C. McConnell et al., eLife 7, e40189 (2018).

[4] S. Kahl, D. K. Ginther, Nat. Biotechnol. 35, 90 (2017).

[5] M. Ålunet al., Nat. Ecol. Evol. 10.1038/s41559-020-1178-6 (2020).

[6] C. Woolston, Nature 565, 125 (2019).

[7] K. Spratt, “Affordable child care for postdocs: One institution’s solution,” Science (2000).

[8] M. Kristoffersen, “Postdocs struggle with child carecosts,” Yale News (2020).

[9] K. Kelsky, “The professor is in: Stranded on theacademic job market this year?” The Chronicleof Higher Education (2020).

Blog Written By 

Dr. Y. Sasikumar

School of Materials Science and Engineering

Tianjin University of Technology, China.

Editors

Dr. A. S. Ganeshraja

Dr. S. Chandrasekar

Dr. K. Rajkumar


Reviewers 

Dr. S. Thirumurugan

Dr. K. Vaithinathan

Comments

Popular posts from this blog

PROSPECTS ON PHOTOBIOREFINERY

Very recently, Prof. Dr. K. Faungnawakij and his research group have summarized a mini review report on an emerging renewable technique of Photobiorefinery . This is one of the beyond technique of Artificial Photosynthesis (AP) [1] . Despite great promises, AP technologies for solar H2 production and CO2 reduction are far uncompetitive to other promising technologies at the current stage . However, despite an enormous effort, time, and budget paid on AP-related researches throughout several decades, AP technologies have struggled to strive beyond laboratory demonstration except a very few exceptions [2] . This bitter reality makes the translation of this excellent science to practical application questionable [3] . Technoeconomic analysis shows that without achieving the aggressive technology targets, this technology will not be commercially viable. This has directed the research community towards the development of highly efficient yet expensive devices. While tremendous p...

Impact on Climate and Land Use Changes Around Ganga River

In India, Ganga is the largest river and also famous spiritual river, in meantime pollution issue in Ganga river is considered to be one of the most discussed topics on river water quality in the past decades . The river gets s everely polluted with untreated industrial and human wastes, and the river crossed around 11 states in India and provides water for about 40% of India's population, approximately 500 million people, we couldn’t find more than any other river in the world [ 1, 2 ]. Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) has mentioned that 764 grossly polluting industries were discharging into the Ganga river, 487 industries are from the Kanpur region. Therefore, the Kanpur region was treated as the main polluted spot and immediate action should be taken for further recovery of water quality. The Kanpur region is one of the most important industrialized place in India. It is the most polluted stretch of the Ganga River, because of its excessive pollutant discharge from the i...

Electric Vehicle: Public Health and Climate Benefits

A research team led by Daniel Peters at Northwestern University has investigated that if we introducing electrifying vehicles in the streets of the United States could annually prevent hundreds-to-thousands of premature accidental deaths.This work highlights the potential of a synergistic solution to reduce CO 2 emissions by hundreds to millions of tons annually. The estimate of economic damages induced by introducing electrifying vehicles (EV) adoption is substantial. With current infrastructure, about 25% of electrifying vehicles adoption in the US can save approximately $16.8 billion annually, has been told in the study entitled"Public Health and Climate Benefits and Trade offs of U.S. Vehicle Electrification," in GeoHealth on 13 th August 2020 [1] .  Vehicle electrification in the United States could prevent hundreds to thousands of premature deaths annually while reducing carbon emissions by hundreds of millions of tons. This highlights the potential of co-beneficial...

AN ACT OF FACE MASK MATERIAL USED TO PROTECT US FROM SARS-COV-2

“ In the absence of a vaccine, or effective antiviral, one of our only remaining strategies for controlling COVID-19 is to physically block the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in the community ” On 11 March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID-19 outbreak a global pandemic [1] . In the absence of a vaccine, or effective antiviral, one of our only remaining strategies for controlling COVID-19 is to physically block the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in the community. Given that COVID-19 is a respiratory illness, the most effective physical defense likely involves widespread public use of face coverings, in conjunction with other control measures [ 2 ] . Face coverings (also variously referred to as face masks, nonmedical masks, community masks or barrier masks ) function primarily in source control; capturing droplets expelled by an infected individual [3] . Figure 1. DIY masks to protect against from viruses sounds like a crazy idea. source click here In the absence of an...

RENEWABLE ENERGY'S ROLE IN ENVIRONMENTAL CLEEN-UP PROCESS

Human activity is overloading our atmosphere with carbon dioxide and other global warming emissions. These gases act like a blanket, trapping heat. The result is a web of significant and harmful impacts, from stronger, more frequent storms, to drought, sea level rise, and extinction. Most of global warming emissions come from our electricity sector. Most of those emissions come from fossil fuels like coal and natural gas . Sulfur dioxide (SO2) , which cause acid rain, comes from electricity generation. Nitrogen oxides (NOx) , which react with sunlight to create ground level ozone and smog, come from electricity generation.   Ozone (O3) occurs naturally in the upper atmosphere where it is beneficial.   Particulate matter is a type of air pollution more commonly referred to as soot. Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) is a greenhouse gas that contributes to global climate change.   Mercury is a highly toxic metal that is released from coal-fired power plants. In contra...

Scientific Research Focus on “To End Hunger”

According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO UN), Hunger Report, Ending hunger is a major objective of the United Nations’ (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), hunger is the term used to define periods when populations are experiencing severe food insecurity - means that they go for entire days without eating due to lack of money, lack of access to food, or other resources [ 1 ]. Hunger is strongly interconnected with poverty, and it involves interactions among an array of social, political, demographic, and societal factors. An attention is must in the following topics to put an end card for poor hunger:  Global Hunger Index (GHI). World Food Program’s 2020. Global Report on Food Crises.   Smallholder-farming. Ceres2030. The two main international institutions are the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) and the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) , joined forces to estimate what it would cost to ...

Novel Approach of Plastic Waste to Flash Graphene

Prof. Algozeeb and his research collaboration team have investigated an novel approach of upcycling plastic waste (PW) products to flash graphene (FG). This method relies on Flash Joule Heating (FJH) to convert PW into FG. A sequential direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC) flash is used in order to make a high-quality graphene. In this FJH process, they established without catalyst and works for PW mixtures that can make the process suitable for handling landfill PW.  In 21 st century, PW pollution is considerable one among the various environmental issues. A very large fraction of PW ends up in the ocean, which leads to the formation of micro- and nanoplastics that threaten marine life, micro-organisms, useful bacteria, and humans. From the intense carbon footprint process, most of these synthesized plastics are used only once before dumping into landfills or water ways that terminate in the oceans. Hence, upcycling PW to higher value materials and chemicals is econ...

Electromagnetic Field: Non-Chemical Water Treatment Technology

An interesting review report on “A critical review of the application of electromagnetic fields for scaling control in water systems: mechanisms, characterization, and operation” was reported by Lu Lin, Wenbin Jiang, Xuesong Xu and Pei Xu published in Nature Partner Journals Clean Water published on June 2020 [1] .   Water is the precious matter in the world. source U.S. General Services Administration has interested on non-chemical water treatment technologies. It has mentioned following important points: n on-chemical technology promises to increase the period between required blow-down cycles, thus reducing water consumption , minimizes associated issues of chemical storage, handling, and disposal, and may permit on-site re-use of cooling-tower “blow-down” water as “grey water” , it promises to be life cycle cost effective based solely on the reduction in chemical costs , this technology may reduce or eliminate chemical costs, it may not reduce other contractor costs ...

Electro-Organic Synthesis: Next Emerging Technique

Industrial developments, excessive energy consumption, sustainable technologies, environmental cleaning processes are major topics of political and social discourse. Current innovations are rated not only focusing on their benefit and utility but also concerning their eco-friendly approaches. The development of green technological processes is becoming more important and requires harmless energy sources. Particularly over the past decade, the severe limitations of fossil resources intensify the movement towards sustainable synthesis techniques with a strict cutback in the ecological footprint [ 1 ]. Electro-organic synthesis belongs to the synthetic organic chemistry discipline that facilities the direct use of electricity to generate valuable compounds. Hence, it is possible to transfer green aspects of sustainable energy sources to the whole production process [ 2 ]. Since the Kolbe’s discoveries of using electricity as a reagent for organic transformations over 170 years ago, ...

Innovations of Integrated Artificial Intelligence

Artificial intelligence (AI) is the study of methods to imitate intelligent human behavior. AI is widely heralded as an ongoing “revolution” transforming science and society altogether [ 1 , 2 ]. While approaches to AI such as machine learning, deep learning and artificial neural networks are reshaping data processing and analysis [ 3 ], healthcare, transportation and the production chain [ 4 ].  Figure 1. Integrated concept of artificial intelligence. AI Ethics Guidelines National and international organizations (European Commission, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), UK House of Lords, Singapore Commission) have responded to these concerns by developing ad hoc expert committees on AI, often mandated to draft policy documents in various countries. In 2018 alone, companies such as Google and SAP publicly released AI guidelines and principles. The advisory council on the ethical use of AI scientific team have announced that results reveal a global co...